This is from the last book of the OT:

Malachi 4:4
Remember ye the law of Moses my servant, which I commanded unto him in Horeb for all Israel, with the statutes and judgments.

Jesus also repeatedly admonishes his peers to keep the laws of Moses, going as far as to say, to not do as the pharisees do, but to do as Moses says. It's obviously important to him.

God is definitely not our conscience. He is a separate entity God may use angels to do His work but He is capable of using anyone also, even non-believers, being an angel is not required to be used by God.

A strict translation of the Tanakh will show that the King James Version of bible is quite literal, at least in the OT, which lends further credibilty to that version of the NT I think. The dead sea scrolls also is quite literal to the KJV though they do provide a few interesting realignments.