Mutation follows that laws that govern chemical reactions in aquaeous solutions. Changes in the DNA of the seed cells is what causes the next generation to be different than the parent. Those changes can be caused by the statistical recombination of the DNA. Since the splitting of the double helix and its recombination is a chemical reaction, the laws governing chemical reactions would apply.
Not always. Disease and chemicals can alter this beyond those laws.
As for the others: Micro and macro evolution follow the same "rules". Basically, they are changes in the dominant characteristics of individuals withing a population of organisms. If there are evironmental pressures that affect the ability of the individuals in the population to reach the point where they have offspring, those pressures will cause change if the individuals differ in characteristics that are affected by those pressures. The amount of change is determined by the extent to which the pressures act on the population, and the size of the population being affected.
This is more of an explaination of the suruvival of the fittest. Where domanace rules the game, and only those genes get passed on. But that is not always true as it has been observed where non-dominant males have neen able to mate and pass on their genes.
Life form? Short answer: an individual life form cannot evolve. However, if you mean how far evolution can take life itself....as far as the physical limitations of the life chemistry will allow, but I don't know how far that is.
A viable scientific theory should not only be able to show our past, present, but also make predictions on where we are headed. There are no existing models that even touch on making predictions the evolution of any life form to what it will become.
And we have yet to see any life form evolve into another kind of life form.
There is no such thing as a "highest point" since evolution has no particular direction.
Then you guys don't know as much as you think you do. Answering questions with broad answers only shows how much less is actually known about evolution.
Assuming you mean the Theory of Evolution. Partly because evolution is observed in living populations now. Partly because the fossil record indicates that populations of organisms change over time. Partly because the theory accurately predicted the location in the geologic record in which paleontologists would find particular fossils. Partly because the theory of evolution accurately predicted that there is a mechanism of living organisms that is the instrument by which change between individuals can occur (DNA and chromosome mixing).
Has any life form become a different kind yet? I'm not speaking of speciation. Where a bird can become a different bird. Because kind creation allows this as long as it stays a bird. But when has a bird, or anything else, become a non-bird?
